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Intrauterine Insemination

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IUI, or artificial insemination, is a simple, cost-effective first-line infertility treatment. Healthy, motile sperm are prepared in the lab and placed directly into the uterus near ovulation to improve fertilization chances. The procedure is quick, usually painless, and takes 5–7 minutes. It can be repeated safely over 3–4 cycles if needed.

Prerequisites for IUI

IUI works best when the woman is under 35 and can ovulate naturally or with medication. At least one healthy fallopian tube is required. The procedure is also suitable for cases of cervical issues, unexplained infertility, or male ejaculatory problems. Sperm quality is important, with a pre-wash count above 10 million/ml or a post-wash motile count of at least 5 million, and motility over 40%.

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Steps in Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

The IUI procedure involves several carefully monitored steps to ensure the best outcomes. It starts with patient evaluation and selection, followed by ovarian stimulation and monitoring of follicular growth and endometrial development. Prepared sperm is then inseminated into the uterus at the optimal time around ovulation. After the procedure, hormonal support may be provided, and pregnancy is confirmed through testing.

How IUI is Done

IUI is performed around ovulation, identified through ultrasound (TVS) or an ovulation kit. The prepared sperm sample is placed into the uterus just before or after the egg is released. The procedure is quick, usually painless, though some women may experience mild cramps. A short rest of 15–20 minutes is advised before leaving the clinic.

When is IUI Used?

IUI is recommended in cases of mild male infertility (slightly low sperm count), use of donor sperm, cervical mucus issues, unexplained infertility, or when marriage has not been consummated due to female factors or male conditions like erectile or ejaculatory disorders.

Contraindications Of IUI

IUI is not suitable in certain conditions such as blocked bilateral fallopian tubes, very poor or absent sperm count, severe endometriosis (Grade III–IV), or when the woman’s age is above 40 years. In such cases, advanced fertility treatments like IVF or ICSI are generally recommended for better chances of success.

Success Rate Of IUI

The success rate of IUI largely depends on the woman’s age at the time of treatment. For women aged 36 years or younger, the clinical pregnancy rate is approximately 15–20% per treatment cycle.

1. What is IUI and how is it different from IVF?
IUI (Intrauterine Insemination) is a fertility treatment where washed and prepared sperm are placed directly into the uterus around ovulation. This increases the chances of the sperm reaching the egg naturally. Unlike IVF, where eggs are fertilized in a lab and embryos are transferred back, IUI is less invasive, more affordable, and often the first recommended treatment before IVF.
2. Who is IUI suitable for?
IUI is recommended for couples facing unexplained infertility, mild male infertility, ovulation problems, or cervical issues. It is also suitable for women using donor sperm, including single women or couples with severe male infertility. However, at least one fallopian tube must be open for IUI to work.
3. How successful is IUI?
Success rates vary depending on age, egg and sperm quality, overall patient specific fertility concern. On average, IUI has a 15–20% success rate per cycle. Younger women and those with mild fertility issues generally have better chances, and success improves when multiple cycles are tried.
4. What is the procedure for IUI and how long does it take?
An IUI cycle involves ovulation tracking, preparing the sperm sample, and placing sperm into the uterus at the right time. The insemination itself usually takes about 10–15 minutes, and including preparation and short rest time, the entire process is completed in less than an hour. Most women can resume their daily routine the same day.
5. How soon can I know if IUI was successful, and what about cost?
A pregnancy test, usually a blood test, is done about 17 days after IUI to confirm the result. Testing too early can give false results, so it’s best to wait. The cost of IUI in India is relatively affordable compared to IVF and depends on the clinic and medications prescribed.